Pier or breakwater.



J. A. MITCHELL.

BVATENTBD MAB. 1o, 1908.

PIER 0R BRBAKWATER.

APPLICATION FILED APB.'18.'l

Z SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Mm if mj 1HE Nvrzms PETERS cm. wAsmNamN, n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN A. MITCHELL, OF LUDINGTON, MICHIGAN.

PIER 0R BREAKWATER.

-or concrete pier or breakwater, or similar structure, in which a comparatively small amount of material is used in its construction, and one which is at the same time capable of withstanding very severe strains and is very strong and durable; second, to provide an improved pier or like structure which is simple and economical in construction and at the same time strong and durable, third, to provide an improved pier or like structure in which the danger of damage or loss during the process of construction is comparatively slight; fourth, to provide an improved pier or like structure which may be made up of units or sections, and one which is, when completed, practically an integral structure; and fifth, to pro-.

vide an improved combination foundation pile andA substructure for piers and like structures. f

Further objects, and objects -relating to details of construction, will definitely appear from the detailed description to follow.

I accomplish the objects-of my invention by the devices and means described in the following specification.

Thevinvention is clearly defined andv pointed out in the claims.

A structure embodying the features of my invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification, in which,

Figure 1 is a detail front elevation of a structure embodying the features of my'A invention, Fig. 2 is a detail vertical section therethrough corresponding to line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a detail horizontal section taken on a line corresponding to line 3 3 of Fig. 2 Fig. 4 is a detail longitudinal vertical section through the substructure taken on a line corresponding to line 4 4 of Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is a horizontal section corresponding to that of Fig. 3, of a modified construction, the central posts being formed substantially the same as the side wall sections and adapt- Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented March 10, 1908.

Application filed April 18, 1907. Serial No. 369,011.

ed to form a continuous central wall, the form of the wall sections also being somewhat modiiied, the guiding shoulders 10 being provided instead of forming the edges of the side wall sections to engage g and Fig. 6 is a view corres onding to that of Fig. 5 of a further modication.

In the drawings, similar numerals of reference refer to similar parts throughout the several views, and the sectional views are taken looking in the direction of the little arrows at the ends of the section lines.

Referring to the drawing, the substructure of my improved pile, breakwater, or the like is formed of sections or units 1, comprising side wall sections 3, united by cross-beams 4. The units are preferably further strengthened by central -posts 3 to which the cross-beams are connected. These wall sections and posts are preferably extended into foundation piles 2. The units are preferably strengthened and reinforced by metal frames 5, made up of vertical pieces connected by cross-pieces embedded in the side wall sections and cross-beams, the reinforcing stri s also extending into the foundation piles. n the preferred construction, pipes `9 are embedded in the central posts, the pipes extending from the top to the bottom thereof.

One edge of each section is in the preferred construction made A-shaped as at 7, and the other V-shaped as at 6, so that the sections are guided and held in alinement in placing.

Each edge of the wall sections is provided with a channel or groove 8 -extending from the top to the bottom thereof, these channels or grooves being adapted to register when the sections are in position. After placing the units in position these channels or grooves are filled with cement or concrete thereby formin a cement joint or bond and making the wa ls practically solid and oontinuous and substantially water and sand tight. These channelsvare of further advantage in placing the piles, as the jet hose for forcing away the sand to settle the units in place may be introduced through these openings so that it is delivered at the most effective point. The lower ends of the pile memy bers 2 are preferably inclined rearwardly and downwardly, so that the tendency in settling is to draw them against the unit already in' place. The pipes 9 of the central post also serve as a means for introducing the water jets for settling the units into place. The

cement or concrete may be conveniently 111-' troduced into the channels for forming the joints or bonds between the units by placing the same in sacks of such size that they may be readily dropped or rammed into lace. When the joint is set the units are firmly united, formino, as stated, a continuous wall.

In the modified construction shown in Fig. 5 the channels are formed somewhat in the shape of key-hole slots, so that the joint has asomewhat more secure hold upon the units. In this construction, instead of forming the edges of the wall sections to engage each other, guide shoulders 10 are provided. In this construction the central posts are adapted to form a continuous central wall which may be of advantage in piers of large size.

In the modified construction shown in Fig. 6 the edges of the wall sections are somewhat further modified, their edges being inclined inwardly so that the tendency is to properly center the units upon those already in place.

It is intended that the substructure shall project slightly above the water line as is common with structures of this class.` The superstructure is also preferably formed of concrete and comprises the front wall 11, central wall or beam 12, rear wall 13, and central posts 12, see Figs. '2 and 4, by which the' flooring or deck is supported. These front and rear walls, central posts, and deck are preferably formed integral of concrete and molded upon the substructure, having tongues 14 which engage the channels 15 in the upper ends of the units` This further secures the units in place and effectively secures the superstructure upon the substructure. The deck 16 is provided with manhole openings 17 through which the filling material may be introduced. I preferably use sand for this filling material, as the outer walls being practically continuous effectively hold the sand, and it may be conveniently introduced by means of a pump or the like, and with the manhole covers 18 in place, the inside of the pier or breakwater is a closed chamber. The front wall of the superstructure preferably projects above the floor or deck and may be provided with suitable abutments, as required. As these form no part of this invention, they are not here illustrated. By thus forming the parts a pier or like structure may be constructed with a minimum amount ofmaterial, and at the same time be capable of withstanding very severe strains and shocks. It will be evident that it is thoroughly braced so that the strain, as, for instance, that of the water impact, is withstood by the strength of the whole structure. The units are readily placed in position so that the building may be rapidly carried on and as the substructure is practically completed as rapidly as the units are put in place, and the concrete or cement for the joints has an opportunity of setting, the danger from loss by storms during the building operation is reduced to a minimum. On account of the solid or continuous feature of the walls the pier may be filled with sand and ellectively retain the same. It is intended that the units shall be built on shore and t ansferred to the pier as' they are placed.

While I prefer to provide a concrete superstructure, as illustrated and described, other forms may be used and desirable results will be secured. I also prefer to form the substructure and the piles integral, although the substructure is of advantage for .locating upon a foundation formed of wooden piles or other suitable material.

I have illustrated and described my improved pier construction in the form preferred by me on account of its structural simplicity and economy. that it is capable of considerable or very great variation in structural details without departing from my invention, and I desire to be understood as claiming the same sprazileally, as illustrated, as well as broadly.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral f ound ation and substructure units` or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising` side wall sections and a post connected by cross beams, said side wall sections and post being extended into frnmdation piles the lower ends of which are inclined down ward ly and rearwardly, said wall sections being A- shaped on one edge and V-shapcd on the other, the edges of said wall sections also having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position, said units also having horizontal channels in their upper ends; a concrete lilling for said channels in the edges of said wall sections forming a bond for said units; pipes embedded in said posts of said units and extending from the tops to the bottoms thereof; and a superstructure comprising a deck having manholes therethrough, front and rear walls, and central posts formed integral of concrete and molded upon said substructure, said front and rear walls and central posts of said superstructure having tongue. projections molded into the said channels in the upper ends of saidv units, whereby the units are further united and said sujwrstructure secured in position thereon, for the purpose specified.

2. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side wall sections and a post connected by cross beams, said side wall sections and post being extended into foundation piles the I am, however, aware lll lower ends of which are inclined downwardly and rearwardly, said wall sections being A- shaped on one edge and V-shaped on the other, the edges of said Wall sections also having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position, said units also having horizontal channels in their u per ends; a concrete filling for said channe s in the edges of said wall sections forming a bond for said units; and a superstructure comprising a deck having manholes therethrough, front and rear walls, and central posts formed integral of concrete and molded upon said substructure, said front and rear walls and central posts of said superstructure having tongue projections molded into the said channels in the upper ends of said units, whereby the units are further united and said superstructure secured in position thereon, for the purpose specified.

3. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a'plurality of integral 'foundation and substructure units or sections and a post connected by cross beams, said side wall sections and post being extended into foundation piles, said wall sections being A- shaped on one edge and V-shaped on the other, the edges of said wall sections also having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position, said units also having horizontal channels in their upper ends; a concrete filling for said channels in the edges ofsaid wall sections forming a bond forA said units; pipes embedded in said posts of said units and extending from the tops to the bottoms thereof; and a superstructure comprising a deck having manholes therethrough, front and rear walls, and central posts formed integral of concrete and molded upon said substructure, said front and rear walls and central posts of said superstructure having tongue projections molded into the said channels in the upper ends of said units, whereby the units are further united and said superstructure secured in position thereon, for the purpose specified.

4. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side wall sections and a post connected by cross beams, said side wall sections and post being extended into foundation piles, said wall sections being A-shaped on one edge and V-shaped on the other, the edges of said wall sections also having longitudinal channels extending from the top tov the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position, said units also having horizontal channels in theirI upper ends; a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said wall sections forming a bond for the units, and a superstructure comprising a deck having manholes therethrough, front and rear walls, and central posts formed integral of concrete and molded upon said substructure, said front and rear walls and central posts of said superstructure having tongue projections molded into the said channels in the upper ends of said units, whereby the units are further united and said superstructure secured inV position thereon, for the purpose specified.

5. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality ofl integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side wall sections and a post connected by cross beams, said side wall sections and post being extended into foundation piles the lower ends of which are inclined downwardly and rearwardly, said wall sections being A- shaped on one edge and V-shaped on the other, the edges of said wall sections also having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted' to register when the units are in position; a concreteiilling for said channels in the edges of said wall sections forming a bond for said units; and pipes embedded in said posts of said units and extending from the tops'to the bottoms thereof, for the purpose specified.

6. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality' of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side v wall sections and a post connected by cross beams, said side wall sections and post being extended into foundation piles the lower ends of which are inclined downwardly and rearwardly, said wall sections being A-shaped on one edge and V-shaped on the other, the edges of said wall sections also having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position, and a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said wall sections forming bond for said units, for the purpose speci- 7. 'In a structure of the class described,

the combination of a plurality of integral founin the edges of said Wall sections, forming a bond for said units, and pipes embedded in said posts of said units and extending from the tops to the bottoms thereof, for the purpose specified.

'8. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side Wall sections and a post connected by cross beams, said side Wall sections and post being extended into foundation piles, said Wall sections being A-shaped on one edge and V-shaped on the other, the edges of said Wall sections also having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register When the units are in position, and a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said Wall sections forming a bond for said units, for the purpose specified.

9. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side Wall sections and a post connected by cross beams, said side Wall sections and post being extended into foundation piles, said Wall sections having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position, said units also having horizontal channels in their upper ends a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said wall sections, forming a bond for said units; a metal reinforcing frame for each of said units made up of connected vertical and cross pieces embedded in said Wall sections` and said cross beams; pipes embedded in said posts of saidl units and extending from the tops to the bottoms thereof; and a superstructure comprising a deck having manholes therethrough, front and rear Walls, and central posts formed integral of concrete and molded upon said substructure, said front and rear Walls and central postsof said superstructure having tongue projections molded into the channels in the upper ends of said units, whereby the units are further united and said superstructure secured in position thereon, for the purpose specified. i

10. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side Wall sections and a post connected by cross beams, said side Wall sections and post being extended into foundation piles, said Wall sections having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position, said units also having horizontal channels in their upper ends 5 a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said Wall sections, forming a bond for said units, pipes embedded in said posts of said units and extending from the tops to the bottoms thereof; and a superstructure comprising a deck having manholes therethrough, front and rear walls, and central posts formed integral of concrete and molded upon said substructure, said front and rear Walls and central posts of said superstructure having tongue projections molded into the channels in the upper ends of said units, whereby the units are further united and said superstructure secured in position thereon, for the purpose specified.

l1. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side Wall sections and a post connected. by cross beams, said side Wall sections and post being extended into foundation piles, saidv wall sec` tions having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position, said units also having horizontal channels in their upper ends a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said Wall sections, forming a bond for said units 5 a metal reinforcing frame for each ol' said units made up of connected vertical and cross pieces embedded in said. W: ll sections and said cross beams; and a superstructure comprisin a deck having manholes therethrough, ont and rear walls, and central posts ormed integral of concrete and molded upon said substructure, said front and rear Walls and central posts of said superstructure having tongue projections molded into the channels in the upper ends of said units, whereby the units are further united and said superstructure secured in position thereon, for the purpose specified.

12. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side Wall sections and a post connected. by cross beams, said side wall sections and post being extended into foundation piles, said wall sections having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position, said units also having horizontal channels in their upper ends, a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said Wall sections, forming a bond for said units and a superstructure comprising a deck having manholes therethrough, front and rear Walls, and central posts formed integral of concrete and molded upon said substructure, saidv front and rear walls and central posts of said superstructure having tongue projections molded into the channels in the upper ends of said units, whereby the units are further united and said superstructure secured in position thereon, for the purpose specified.

13. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side Wall sections and a post connected Vby cross beams, said side Wall sections and post being extended into foundation piles, said Wall sections having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register When the units are in position; a concrete fillin for said channels in the edges of said Wal sections,

' forming a bond for said units; a metal reinforcing frame for each of said units made up of connected vertical and cross pieces embedded in said Wall sections and cross beams, and pipes embedded in said posts of said units and extending from the tops to the bottoms thereof, for the purpose specified.

14. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side Wall sections and a ost connected by cross beams, said side Wall sections and post being extended into foundation piles, said Wall sections having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when said units are in position-g a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said Wall sections, forming a bond for said units, and

pipes embedded in said posts of said units and extending from the tops tothe bottoms thereof, for the purpose s eciiied.

15. In a structure of t e class described, the' combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side wall sections and a ost connected by cross beams, said side Walf)sections and post being extended into foundation piles, said side Wall sections having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the -bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register When the units are in position; a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said Wall sections, forming a bond for said units, and a metal reinforcing frame for each of said units made up of connected vertical and cross pieces embedded in said Wall sections and said cross beams, for the pur ose specified.

16. In a structure `ofthe class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side Wall sections and a ost connected by cross beams, said side Wallpsections and post being extended into foundation piles, said Wall sections having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position, vand a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said Wall sections, forming a bond-for said units, for the purpose specified.

17. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of substructure\units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side Wall sections and a post connected by cross beams, said Wall sections being A-shaped on one edge and V- shaped on the other, the edges of said Wall sections also having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position, said units also having horizontal channels in their u per ends; a concrete filling for said channe s in the edges of said Wall sections, forming a bond for said units; pipes embedded in said posts of said units and extending from the tops to the bottoms thereof; and a superstructure of concrete molded upon said substructure, said superstructure having tongue projections molded into the said channels in the upper ends of said units, whereby the units are further united and said superstructure secured in position thereon, for the purpose specified.

18. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side Wall sections connected by cross beams, said wall sections being 'A- shaped on one `edge and V-shaped on the other, the edges of said Wall sections also having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register When the units are in position, said units also having horizontal channels in their upper ends; a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said Wall sections, forming a bond for said units; and a superstructure of concrete molded upon said substructure, said superstructure having tongue projections molded into the said channels in the upper ends of said units, whereby the units are further united and said superstructure secured in position thereon, for the purpose specified.

19. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of substructure units or sections formed of concrete,

`sections also having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said. channels being adapted to register when the units are in position; a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said Wall sections, forming a bond for said units, and pipes embedded in said posts of said units and extending from the tops to the bottoms thereof, for the purpose specified;

20. In a structure of the class described,

the combination of a plurality of substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side wall sections connected by cross beams, said Wall sections being A-shaped on one edge and V-shaped on the other, the edges of said Wall sections also having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position, and a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said wall sections, forming a bond for said units, for the purpose specified.

21. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side wall sections and a post connected by cross beams, said wall sections having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position, said units also having horizontal channels in their upper ends g a concrete 'filling for said channels in the edges of said wall sections, forming a bond for said units; pipes embedded'in said posts of said units and extending from the tops to the bottoms thereof; and a superstructure of concrete molded upon said substructure, said superstructure having tongue projections molded into the said channels in the upper ends of said units, whereby the units are further united and said superstructure secured in position thereon, for the purpose specified.

22. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side wall sections connected bycross beams, said wall sections having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position, said units also having horizontal channels in their upper ends; a concrete fillfing for said channels in the edges of said wall sections, forming a bond for said units and a superstructure formed of concrete molded upon said substructure, said superstructure having tongue projections molded into the said channels in the upper ends of said units, whereby the units are further united and said superstructure secured in position thereon, for the purpose specified.

23. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality ofgsubstructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side wall sections and a post connected by cross beams, said wall sections having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said wall sections, forming a bond for said units, and

pipes embedded in said posts of said units and extending from the tops to the bottoms thereof, for the purpose specified.

24. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of substructure units or sections formed of conci-tde, each unit comprising side wall sections connected by cross beams, said wall sections having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are. in position, and a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said wall sections, forming a bond for said units, for the purpose specified.

25. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and sub-structure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side wall sections and connecting crossbeams therefor, said side wall sections being extended into foundation piles, the lower ends of which are inclined downwardljv and rearwardly, said side wall sections being A- shaped on one edge and V-shaped on the other, the edges. of said wall sections having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position, the said units also having horizontal channels in their upper ends; a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said wall sections forming abond for the said units; and a superstructure of concrete molded upon said substructure, said superstructure having tongue projections molded into said channels on the upper ends of said units whereby the units are further united and said superstructure secured in position thereon, for the purpose specified.

26. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side wall sections and connecting crossbeams therefor, said side wall sections being extended into foundation piles, the lower ends of which are inclined downwardly and rearwardly, said side wall sections being A- shaped on one edge and V-shaped on the other, the edges of said wall sections having longitudinal channels extending from the top to' the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position, and a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said wall sections, forming a bond for the said units, for the purpose specified.

27. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and sub-staiuture units or seetions formed of concrete, each unit comprising side wall sections and connecting crossbeams therefor, said side wall sections being extended into foundation piles, said side fun wall sections being A-shaped on one edge and V -shaped on the other, the edges of sa1d wall sections having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in osition, the said units also having horizonta channels in their ilpper ends; a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said wall sections forming a bond for said units; and a superstructure of concrete molded upon said substructure, said superstructure having tongue projections molded into said channels on the upper ends of said units whereby the units are further united and said superstructure secured in position thereon, for the purpose specified.

284. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure 'units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side wall sections and connecting crossbeams therefor, said side wall sections being extended into foundation piles and being A- shapedon one edge and V-shaped on the other, the edges of said wall sections having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position, and a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said wall sections, forming a bond for the said units, ifor the purpose specified.

29. In a structure of the class described, thev combination of a pluralitT of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side wall sections and connecting crossbeams therefor, said side wall sections being extended into foundation piles, the lower ends of which are inclined downwardly and rearwardly, the edges of said wall sections having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position,` the said units also having hori- Zontal channels in their upper ends, a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said wall sections forming a bond for the said units; and a superstructure of concrete molded'upon said substructure, said superstructure having tongue-projections molded into said channels on the upper ends of said units, whereby the units are further united and said superstructure secured in position thereon, for the purpose specified.

30. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side wall sections and connecting crossbeams therefor, said side wall sections being extended into foundation iles the lower ends of which are inclined ownwardly and rearwardly, the edges of said wall sections having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position, and. a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said wall sections, forming a bond for the said units, for the purpose specified.

31, In a structure of the class described, i

the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side wall sections and connecting cross-beams therefor, said side wall sections being extended into foundation piles, the edges of said wall sections having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position, the said units also having horizontal channels in the edges of said wall sections forming a bond for said units, and a superstructure of concrete molded upon said substructure, said superstructure having tongue projections molded into said channels on the upper ends of said units whereby the units are further united and said superstructure secured in position thereon, for the purpose specified.

32. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure units or sections for-med of concrete, each unit comprising sidewall sections and connecting cross-beams therefor, said side wall sections being extended into foundation piles, the edges of said wall sections having longitudinal channels extending from the top to the bottom thereof, said channels being adapted to register when the units are in position, and a concrete filling for said channels in the edges of said wall sections, forming a bond for the saidunits, for the purpose specified.

33. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side wall sections and a post connected by cross beams, said side wall sections and post being extended into foundation piles; a concrete bond for the said units uniting them to form practically continuous solid side walls; and a superstructure of concrete molded upon said substructure, whereby said units are further united, for the purpose specified.

34. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed ofconcrete, each unit comprising sidewall sections and a post connected by cross beams, said side wall sections and post being extended into foundation piles, and a concrete bond for the said units uniting them to form practically continuous vsolid side walls, for the purpose specified.

35. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side Wall sections connected by cross beams, said side Wall sections being extended into foundation piles; a concrete bond for the said units uniting them to form practi cally continuous solid side Walls; and a super structure of concrete molded upon said substructure, whereby said units are further united, for the purpose specified.

36. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side Wall sections connected by cross beams, said side Wall sections being extended into foundation piles; and a concrete bond for said units uniting them to form practically continuous solid side walls, for the purpose specified.

37. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of Vertical units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side Wall sections connected by cross beams; a concrete bond for the said units uniting them to form practically continuous solid side Walls, and a superstructure of concrete molded upon said substructure, whereby said units are further united, for the purpose specified.

38. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of vertical units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side Wall sections connected by cross beams, and a concrete blond for the said units uniting them to form practically continuous solid side Walls, for the purpose specified.

39. In a structure of the class described,

the combination of a plurality of vertical units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side Wall sections connected by cross beams; and means for securing said units to each other.

40. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of vertical units, or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side Wall sections connected by cross beams; means for securing said units together; and a superstructure of concrete molded upon said units, for the purpose specified.

4l. In a structure of the class described, the combination With a plurality of integral foundation and superstructure units, formed of concrete, each unit comprising side wall sections connected by cross beams, said side Wall sections being extended into 'foundation piles; and means for securing said units together.

42. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plural-ity of integral foundation substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side Wall sections connected by cross beams, said side wall sections being extended into foundation piles; means for securing said units together; and a superstructure of concrete molded upon said substructure whereby said. units are further united.

43. In a structure of the class described, the combination of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side wall sections connected by cross beams, said side wall seetions being extended into foundation piles; and a superstructure of concrete lnolded upon said substructure, for the purpose specified.

44. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit compris` ing side Wall sections; and a post connected by crossbeams, said side wall sections and post being extended into foundation piles; and means for securing said units together, for the purpose specified.

45. In a structure of the class described, the combination of a plurality of integral foundation and substructure units or sections formed of concrete, each unit comprising side wall sections and a post connected by cross beams; and means for securing said units together, for the purpose specified.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN A. MYFCHELL. Witnesses:

IALTER H. S'rimr, ANNA B. EDWARDS. 

